Kugirango wongere ubuzima bwibiryo, usibye ibiryo bitetse nibiryo byumye byumuyaga, benshi muribo bakoresha guteka, kuboneza urubyaro, gukonjesha no gupakira vacuum, ndetse bamwe bakongeramo inyongeramusaruro.Nyamara, nubwo ubu buryo bushobora kongera igihe cyo kuramba, ibiryo bizatakaza byoroshye uburyohe bwacyo nuburyohe.Hamwe niterambere ryihuse ryubuhanga bwo gupakira ibiryo, gukoresha imashini zapakiye ikirere zahinduwe mukubungabunga ibiryo birashobora kongera igihe cyubuzima bwibiryo, gufunga intungamubiri zibyo kurya, no kugumana uburyohe bwa kamere.
Byumvikane ko imashini ihinduranya ikirere (imashini ya MAP) ikoresha cyane cyane tekinoroji yo kubungabunga ikirere cyahinduwe kugirango isimbuze umwuka uri muri paki ukoresheje gaze ivanze ikingira.Bitewe ninshingano zinyuranye zikoreshwa na gaze zitandukanye zirinda, zirashobora kubuza gukura no kubyara kwa bagiteri nyinshi na mikorobe nyinshi zangiza ibiryo, kandi bikagabanya umuvuduko wubuhumekero bwibicuruzwa (imbuto, imboga, ibiryo byo mu nyanja, inyama, nibindi), gukora Ibiryo birashobora kubikwa bishya, bityo bikongerera igihe cyubuzima nubuzima bwaibicuruzwa.Muri rusange, ubuzima bwibiryo bwongerewe kuva kumunsi 1 kugeza kuminsi irenga 8.
Muri iki gihe, uburyo bwo gukoresha imashini zapakira ikirere zahinduwe ziragenda ziyongera cyane, uhereye ku mbuto, imboga, inyama, kugeza ku mboga zitandukanye zokejwe, ibirungo, ibicuruzwa byo mu mazi, imigati, ibikoresho by'imiti, n'ibindi, bityo bikarushaho kuba byiza kandi bishya. y'ibiryo.Muri byo, uko abantu bitondera cyane ubwiza bwinyama, inyama zikonje zagiye zihinduka inzira nyamukuru yo kurya inyama, zifataing umugabane wiyongera kumasoko yimbere mugihugu no mumahanga.Kugeza ubu, ukoresheje ibikoresho byahinduwe bipfunyika mubipfunyika bwinyama bikonje, ntabwo byemeza gusa inyama nshya zikonje, ahubwo binashimangira ubwiza numutekano byinyama.
Nibyo koko twakagombye kumenya ko ingingo zingenzi za tekinike mugukoresha ibikoresho byahinduwe mu kirere ari, mbere, gazekuvanga igipimo, naho icya kabiri ni kuvanga gaze gusimbuza.Nk’uko abakozi ba tekiniki babitangaza, gaze yo kubika mu bikoresho byo kubungabunga ikirere igenzurwa muri rusange igizwe na dioxyde de carbone, ogisijeni, azote ndetse na gaze nkeya.Imyuka isimburwa nibikoresho bitandukanye byibiribwa kandi igipimo cyo kuvanga gaze kiratandukanye.Kurugero, imbuto n'imboga mubisanzwe bisimbuza gaze mubipakira hamwe na ogisijeni, dioxyde de carbone nizindi myuka.
Ntabwo aribyo gusa, kwibumbira hamwe kwimyuka itandukanye ivanze bigomba kuba mubipimo runaka, ntibiri hejuru cyane cyangwa biri hasi cyane, bitabaye ibyo ntibizabura gusa kubungabunga imbuto zimboga n'imboga, ariko kandi byihutisha kwangirika kwibiryo.Muri rusange, igipimo cya ogisijeni ni 4% kugeza kuri 6%, naho karuboni ya dioxyde de carbone ni 3% kugeza 5%.Niba intumbero yo gusimbuza ogisijeni iri hasi cyane, guhumeka kwa anaerobic bizabaho, bigatera fermentation yimbuto za lychee na tissue necrosis;muburyo bunyuranye, niba umwuka wa ogisijeni ari mwinshi kandi karuboni ya dioxyde ni mike, metabolisme yimbuto n'imboga bizagabanuka, bigabanye igihe cyo kubaho.
Ugereranije n'imbuto n'imboga, imashini ihinduranya ikirere ikoreshwa mubiribwa bitetse ifite igipimo kinini cyane cya gaze ivanze neza.Kurugero, karuboni ya dioxyde ni 34% kugeza 36%, azote ni 64% kugeza 66%, naho gaze yo gusimbuza gaze ni ≥98%.Kuberako ibiryo bitetse bishobora kubyara byoroshye bagiteri na mikorobe mugihe cyubushyuhe busanzwe kandi byihutisha kwangirika no kwangirika, ukoresheje imashini ipakira ikirere cyahinduwe kugirango uhindure igipimo cya gaze ivanze cyane cyane ogisijeni, irashobora kugabanya neza ogisijeni kandi ikagabanya umuvuduko w’imyororokere ya bagiteri. (anaphylactica).(usibye bagiteri zo mu kirere), bityo ukagera ku ntego yo kubungabunga ibishya byibiribwa bitetse.
Mubyongeyeho, mugihe abakoresha bakora kuvanga gaze no kuyisimbuza, bagomba kuzuza no gusimbuza ukurikije ibintu bitandukanye.Mubisanzwe, imbuto n'imboga byuzuyemo cyane cyane imyuka ihumeka yo kubika ikirere igizwe na O2, CO2 na N2;imyuka yo kubungabunga ibicuruzwa bitetse muri rusange igizwe na CO2, N2 na othimyuka ya gazi;mugihe kwangirika kwibicuruzwa bitetse ahanini byoroheje, kandi kubungabunga bisaba kugabanya ogisijeni, kwirinda indwara no gukomeza uburyohe., gaze yo kubungabunga igizwe na CO2 na N2;ku nyama nshya, gaze yahinduwe yo gupakira ikirere igizwe na CO2, O2 nizindi myuka.
Ariko, birakwiye ko tuvuga ko nubwo imashini ihinduranya ikirere ishobora kongera ubuzima bwa kontineri hamwe nubuzima bwubuzima bwibigize, ibidukikije byo kubika ibintu bitandukanye nabyo bizagira ingaruka kubuzima bwabo.Ubuzima bwigihe cyo gupakira ikirere cyahinduwe bugenwa hashingiwe kubintu bitandukanye no gushya kwibigize, nka strawberry, lychees, cheri, ibihumyo, imboga rwamababi, nibindi. Niba hakoreshejwe firime ya bariyeri nkeya, ubuzima bwimbuto bwimbuto n'imboga kuri 0-4 ℃ ni iminsi 10-30.
Ku bicuruzwa bitetse, nyuma yo gupakira ikirere cyahinduwe, ubuzima bwabo bumara iminsi irenga 5-10 munsi ya 20 ℃.Niba ubushyuhe bwo hanze bugabanutse, ubuzima bwo kubaho ni iminsi 30-60 kuri 0-4 ℃.Niba umukoresha akoresheje firime ndende hanyuma agakoresha inzira ya pasteurisation (hafi 80 ° C), ubuzima bwo kubaho buzaba burenze iminsi 60-90 mubushyuhe bwicyumba.Twabibutsa ko niba ibikoresho byo mu kirere byahinduwe bikoreshwa hamwe n’ikoranabuhanga ryo kubungabunga urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima, ingaruka nziza zo kubungabunga zishobora kugerwaho, kandi igihe cyo kubika ibintu kirashobora kuba kirekire.
Muri rusange, tekinoroji yo gupakira ikirere yahinduwe yakoreshejwe cyane kugirango ibungabunge ibishya byubwoko butandukanye bwibiribwa, byongere ubuzima bwibiryo, kandi byongere agaciro kibyo kurya.Ifite amahirwe menshi yisoko mugihe kizaza.Ariko, abakoresha bakeneye gusuzuma ingingo ebyiri zingenzi mugihe bakoresha imashini ipakira ikirere cyahinduwe.Birakenewe kugenzura neza igipimo cyo kuvanga imyuka itandukanye, hanyuma ukuzuza gaze ihinduranya ikirere cyapakiye gazi ukurikije ibintu bitandukanye, hanyuma ugakora kuvanga gaze no kuyisimbuza, kugirango byongerwe neza igihe cyo kubaho nigihe gishya cyibintu bitandukanye.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ugushyingo-23-2023
